That is a terrible argument. Prior art is not required to be standalone. And if we start requiring it to be standalone, that calls into question almost every game out there. They almost all require some kind of operating system to actually run

The names Norway and Denmark are old and predate 1847 by centuries. “German Ocean” is an old term for the North Sea.

Norway was independent from Denmark at that point in time. So it was off the coast of Norway in the German Ocean (North Sea). And the expedition was sent by the king of Denmark, a nearby seafaring nation.

Looks like she continued to use her maiden name throughout her life. American schools seem to always use her French name, including using Marie instead of Maria. Partially because Americans can’t pronounce Polish names. And likely a significant cultural bias towards associating scientific advancement with Western Europe.

I think either “to” or “on” would be acceptable in that context. English likes to use “to” with attention, like in the phrases “pay attention to” or “draw attention to”, often emphasizing the change in focus. But you can also keep your attention “on” something.

As a native English speaker from the US east coast, I would probably have chosen “on”. Just sounds better to me to use “on” instead of “to” when there is no associated verb like “pay” or “draw”. Not sure why.

The sentencing is in the article. 20-45 years, largely because they showed no remorse and claimed they would do it again

She is a narcissist, talking herself up and putting down the people around her. Constantly bulldozing over clearly established boundaries by deliberately misnaming Worf, harassing Picard and Odo after they’ve made it very clear they aren’t comfortable with her advances, and just completely dismissing almost everything her daughter says. It’s clear she just does what she wants and expects everyone to go along with it, making a dramatic scene if anyone objects.

She’s a rich bitch that doesn’t care about anyone except herself and only really seems to help people when it already aligns with what she wants. It’s understandable that Deanna only talks to her mother when pushed into it.